浅论北京市社区养老现状及展望

　　摘要

　　发展基于社区的养老服务对北京市具有重要意义。目前，北京市老龄人口已超过20%，老龄化程度高，对养老资源的需求量大。居家养老和社区养老是当前北京市绝大部分老年人的养老方式。近年来北京市社区居家养老服务虽然取得了初步发展，但服务体系尚不健全，街道居委会、社区卫生中心等提供社区养老服务的机构未能很好地发挥其职能。笔者认为，北京市应该以发展基于社区的养老服务体系为重点，大力支持和鼓励社区型养老服务机构发展，充分发挥社区卫生中心在社区养老服务中的作用，在社区养老服务中积极引入社会力量，并加强社区养老专业人才培养，更好地满足老年人的养老需求。

　　关键词：老龄化社区 居家养老 社区养老 社区型养老服务机构 社区卫生服务中心

　　Abstract

　　It is of great importance to develop community-based elderly care in Beijing. The elderly population has exceeded 20% of the total population in Beijing，which brings about huge demand of elderly care services. Home-based and community-based elderly care are the preferred means of care by most elderly. In recent years，there have been progresses in the provision of community-based and home-based elderly care services. However a comprehensive and well-functioned service system is yet to be established. Institutions that provide community-based elderly care services，such as residents’ communities and community health service centers，are not performing their functions to a satisfactory degree. As for the future，the development of community-based elderly care services should be the key to the establishment and improvement of Beijing’s elderly care system. Beijing government should encourage and support community-based elderly care institutions，strengthen the part played by community health service centers in elderly care service provision，allow non-government forces to take part in community-based elderly care provision and improve the training of specialized elderly-care workers. By these means the care need of the elderly will be better met.

　　Keywords：Ageing Community  Health Service Centers  Community-based Elderly-care  Home-based Elderly-care  Community-based Elderly-care institutions